One of the [[t:terms]] used on this wiki.

====== term: commons and commoning ======

==== Commons ====
  * The P2P Foundation offers [[https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Commons|an extensive article]] on the definition, meaning and etymology of the term "commons". 
  * Wikipedia on [[wp>commons]] has a more restricted view.
  * Commoners Co-op offers a short helpful view: [[https://www.commoners.coop/a-definition-of-the-commons/|A Definition of the Commons]]

My own synthesis, mostly in line with what has been published by [[wp>David Bollier]] and [[wp>Silke Helfrich]] is that a commons implies
  * a shared, valued or valuable resource (of any kind, material or immaterial)
  * a community of people (commoners) who collectively use or work with that resource, and who also either own, or govern, or steward that resource
  * structures, conventions, rules etc. agreed within the community by which the members of the community govern or steward the resource

They were and are at pains to point out that there are no commons without commoning.

[[wp>Elinor Ostrom]] set out the principles that appear to be key to effective material commons.
  * [[https://patternsofcommoning.org/uncategorized/eight-design-principles-for-successful-commons/|here they are set out concisely]] on the “Patterns of Commoning” site.

==== Commoning ====
**Commoning** is then the process and/or practice of setting up and curating, governing or stewarding that resource. There is a risk that talking about commons, without explicitly including commoning, passes over the vital aspect of how the commons are set up and run. This view casts some doubt on whether "[[wp>creative commons]]" is referring to a commons in this sense. I would say, not. 

===== Related terms =====
  * //narrower//→ a [[knowledge commons]] is a particular variety of commons with particular characteristics that distinguish it from a physical commons.

===== Owned commentary =====

===== Emergent questions =====

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=== backlinks ===

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